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Definition
Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a complex and confusing illness. It is characterized by instability in moods, interpersonal relationships, self-image, and behavior. People with BPD often act impulsively. This behavior disrupts family and work life, long-term planning, and the individual’s sense of self. Individuals with BPS also have difficulty controlling their moods (called affect regulation).
Most BPD sufferers have a very hard time coping with separations from loved ones, and desperately try to avoid being alone. In severe cases, individuals with BPD may seek relief from inner pain by cutting, burning, or scratching themselves.
As the understanding of the causes and symptoms of BPD has increased, treatment options have improved. Many BPD suffers are helped significantly by psychotherapy and medications.
Causes
The causes of BPD are not fully understood although brain chemistry, genetics, and environmental factors are thought to play a role. People who develop BPD are probably born with an underlying vulnerability to the illness. When they are exposed to certain experiences and types of stress, their chances of developing the illness increase. BPD sufferers are often found to have experienced childhood abuse, neglect, separation, sexual abuse, or violence.
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